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Khalid bin Walid (RA), also known as “Saifullah” (The Sword of Allah), was a prominent military commander and companion of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) who embraced Islam in 629 (7 AH) just before the conquest of Makkah.
He played a crucial role in the conquest of Arabia during the years of the first two Rashidun Caliphs: Abu Bakr (RA) and Umar (RA). He is regarded as one of the greatest military tacticians in history. With his remarkable military achievements and unwavering devotion to Islam, Khalid bin Walid is revered as a hero and an inspiration to Muslims worldwide.
Here is a brief story of this courageous warrior and how he played an important role in spreading Islam in the Arab region.
Khalid bin Walid(RA) was born in the tribe of Banu Makhzum in Makkah, Arabia, around 592 CE. He belonged to a prominent and powerful clan known for their military prowess. From a young age, Khalid (RA) showed exceptional skills in warfare and quickly gained a reputation as a skilled fighter and commander.
When the Prophet (PBUH) started spreading the message of Islam in Makkah, the Banu Makhzum strongly opposed him under the leadership of Abu Jahl (Amr ibn Hisham). Khalid bin Walid (RA) was part of this opposition. Although there are no documented stories that he actually persecuted Muslims, later on, he fought against them in three key battles: Badr, Uhud, and Khandaq.
When the Holy Prophet (PBUH) migrated to Medina, the Banu Makhzum, under the leadership of Abu Jahl and along with other Quraysh tribes, waged war against the Muslims at Badr in 624 (2AH). Khalid Bin Walid was part of this battle, and he fought from the Quraysh side. Many of Khalid bin Walid (RA) relatives, including Abu Jahl, and were killed in this battle and Muslims emerged as victorious.
A year later, in 625 (3AH), the Quraysh again fought Muslims at the Battle of Badr under the leadership of Abu Sufyan as revenge for their loss at Badr. This time, they defeated the Muslims. Khalid bin Walid (RA) played an important role in the victory. He commanded the right flank of the Quraysh cavalry army.
Muslims gained an upper hand during the battle, and many archers felt relaxed and left their key positions to collect the bounty, which opened a huge gap in their defensive lines. Khalid bin Walid (RA) took advantage of this and charged at Muslim positions from behind, and in the ensuing fight, many Muslim fighters were killed. This ultimately led to the defeat of Muslims.
Khalid bin Walid (RA) also participated in the battle of the Khandaq (Trench), which took place in 627 (5AH). To prevent the Quraysh Confederates from entering Medina, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his army employed a defensive strategy and dug a deep trench. Some Quraysh soldiers, including Khalid bin Walid (RA), attempted to pass through the trench but were unsuccessful.
After much consideration and having a change of heart when he witnessed the steady growth of Islam despite so many challenges, Khalid bin Walid (RA) eventually converted to Islam in 629 (7AH) and joined the ranks of Muslims.
Upon conversion, he asked the Holy Prophet (PBUH) to pray to Allah (SWT) for forgiveness for the sins he committed against Islam. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) told him that all his sins and previous actions have been forgiven once he accepted Islam. However, on his insistence, the Prophet (PBUH) prayed to Allah (SWT) to forgive his sins.
The conversion of Khalid bin Walid (RA) to Islam was a turning point for the Muslims because they gained a military genius who was a fierce fighter and an expert tactical strategist. During the lifetime of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), he took part in these battles:
Following his conversion to Islam, Khalid bin Walid (RA) fought in the battle of Mutah, where Muslims attempted to retaliate against a Ghassanid chief who killed an emissary. Nonetheless, it resulted in defeat for Muslims when three main leaders, Zaid bin Harith, Jafar bin Abu Talib, and Abdullah bin Rawahah, were martyred.
Khalid bin Walid took command at that crucial point, and by implementing a superb strategy, he could regain control of the position and return the Muslim forces to Medina safely. During the battle, Khalid bin Walid (RA) broke eight swords. It was after this battle that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) called him "Saifullah" or "The Sword of Allah." A sword that can never be broken.
Khalid bin Walid also participated in the conquest of Makkah in 630 (8AH). He was ordered by the Holy Prophet (PBUH) to march on Makkah through the Lait region. In Khandama, he engaged in battle with several Quraysh soldiers, killing some of them. Following the Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) entry into Makkah, Khalid bin Walid (RA) was instructed to lead a group of cavalrymen to Batn Nakhla, where they destroyed the most famous idol of the Quraysh community.
Khalid bin Walid, along with horsemen from Banu Sulaym, led the army at the battle of Hunayn in 630 (8AH) to fight the Hawazin tribe on the command of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Several opposition members, including a woman, were killed by Khalid. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) then instructed him not to kill children, women, or slaves.
During his stay in Tabuk in 630 (8AH), the Holy Prophet (PBUH) instructed Khalid to lead an army of 420 horsemen against Ukaydir b 'Abd al-Malik, the Christian ruler of Dumat al-Jandal. During a short battle, Khalid captured Ukaydir, and he was ordered to sign a surrender treaty with the Prophet (PBUH) in Medina.
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Khalid bin Walid (RA) was a key military leader under the first two Rashidun caliphs, Abu Bakr (RA) and Umar (RA).
After the Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) passing, Khalid supported Abu Bakr (RA) as a caliph to lead Muslims, which elevated his status. During the Ridda Wars (632-633), Abu Bakr (RA) tasked Khalid bin Walid (RA) with confronting rebellious tribes. He decisively defeated Tulayha, who falsely claimed prophethood and subdued other tribes.
Khalid bin Walid (RA) led the Muslim army against Musaylama al-Kadhdhab, another false prophet, in Yamama in 633 (11AH). The battle was fierce, but Khalid’s forces eventually killed Musaylama and his followers.
In early 633, Abu Bakr (RA) sent Khalid bin Walid (RA) to Iraq to fight against the Sassanian Empire. The campaign was highly successful, with victories at places like Walaja, Ullays, and the city of Hira. His conquest of Mesopotamia opened the way for further Muslim expansion.
After Iraq, Khalid bin Walid (RA) was sent to Syria to aid Muslim forces in their battles against the Byzantine Empire. He led his army through the Syrian Desert, enduring difficult conditions but conquering cities such as Dumat al-Jandal and Busra. His arrival boosted the Muslim army's morale and strength.
Khalid bin Walid (RA) played a pivotal role in the battles of Ajnadayn and Yarmuk, both of which were crucial in defeating the Byzantine forces. Although there are differing reports on the exact dates, the Battle of Ajnadayn took place in 634, and the Battle of Yarmuk followed. Both led to significant Muslim victories over the Romans.
When Umar (RA) became caliph in 634, he relieved Khalid bin Walid (RA) of his position as the supreme commander of the Muslim army and appointed Abu Ubayda instead. Many historians believe this dismissal was made because there were allegations of moral misconduct on behalf of Khalid bin Walid (RA), and he had minimal coordination with leadership in Medina.
Despite the dismissal, he continued to serve as a consultant and military leader in various campaigns, including battles in Damascus, Ba’albek, and Hems.
Khalid bin Walid (RA) was appointed governor of Qinnasrin and surrounding regions, where he led several successful raids into Roman territory. However, his distribution of spoils, especially to allies like Ashath bin Qays, angered Umar (RA). In response, Umar (RA) ordered an investigation, which resulted in Khalid's discharge and confiscation of half of his wealth.
Khalid bin Walid (RA) passed away in Homs, Syria, in 642. Currently, his tomb is a part of Khalid bin-Walid Mosque. The tombstone of Khalid lists more than 50 victories he commanded without losing a battle.
According to tradition, he had wanted to die on the battlefield as a martyr, so he was saddened to learn that he would die in bed instead.
Khalid bin Walid (RA) 's legacy as the "Sword of Allah" inspires Muslims even today. They consider him a role model for his dedication to faith, courage, and strategic brilliance. Due to his military exploits and leadership qualities, he is considered one of history's greatest military tacticians.
Khalid bin Walid (RA) contributed immensely to the spread of Islam in the Middle East. As a military genius and leader, he played a crucial role in consolidating the Muslim conquests during the early expansion of the Islamic empire. He was renowned for his skills as a strategist and battlefield tactician, and he inspired and led his men to victory in the face of formidable obstacles.
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